The cause of suffering is greed. There is an end to suffering. The way to end suffering is to follow the Middle Path. Right values and attitude compassion rather than selfishness.
Right speech don't tell lies, avoid harsh, abusive speech, avoid gossip. Right action help others, live honestly, don't harm living things, take care of the environment.
Right work do something useful, avoid jobs which harm others. Right effort encourage good, helpful thoughts, discourage unwholesome destructive thoughts. Right mindfulness be aware of what you feel, think and do. Right meditation calm mind, practice meditation which leads to nirvana. What is meditation?
Meditation takes many forms: It can be sitting quietly beside a beautiful arrangement of rocks, contemplating beauty. It can be practicing a martial art such as karate or aikido since they require mental and physical control and strong concentration.
It can mean focusing on a riddle such as "What is the sound of one hand clapping? It can be in a meditation room of a monastery.
It can involve chanting. It can involve the use of a mandala to focus attention to the invisible point at the center of interlocking triangles. It can involve quietly noticing one's breath as it goes in and out It can happen anywhere at any time.
Where are Buddha's words written down? In Pictures Ltd. Gautama was born into a wealthy family as a prince in present-day Nepal. Although he had an easy life, Gautama was moved by suffering in the world.
He decided to give up his lavish lifestyle and endure poverty. Thus, he sought a life without social indulgences but also without deprivation.
After six years of searching, Buddhists believe Gautama found enlightenment while meditating under a Bodhi tree. He spent the rest of his life teaching others about how to achieve this spiritual state. When Gautama passed away around B. In the 3rd century B. Buddhist monasteries were built, and missionary work was encouraged. Over the next few centuries, Buddhism began to spread beyond India. The thoughts and philosophies of Buddhists became diverse, with some followers interpreting ideas differently than others.
In the sixth century, the Huns invaded India and destroyed hundreds of Buddhist monasteries, but the intruders were eventually driven out of the country.
Islam began to spread quickly in the region during the Middle Ages , forcing Buddhism into the background. Today, many forms of Buddhism exist around the world. The three main types that represent specific geographical areas include:. Some forms of Buddhism incorporate ideas of other religions and philosophies, such as Taoism and Bon. The Buddha taught his followers that the end of suffering, as described in the fourth Noble Truths, could be achieved by following an Eightfold Path. In no particular order, the Eightfold Path of Buddhism teaches the following ideals for ethical conduct, mental disciple and achieving wisdom:.
The Dalai Lama is the leading monk in Tibetan Buddhism. Followers of the religion believe the Dalai Lama is a reincarnation of a past lama that has agreed to be born again to help humanity.
There have been 14 Dalai Lamas throughout history. The Dalai Lama also governed Tibet until the Chinese took control in The current Dalai Lama, Lhamo Thondup, was born in The release from this cycle of rebirth and suffering is the total transcendence called nirvana. From the beginning, meditation and observance of moral precepts were the foundation of Buddhist practice. The five basic moral precepts, undertaken by members of monastic orders and the laity, are to refrain from taking life, stealing, acting unchastely, speaking falsely, and drinking intoxicants.
Members of monastic orders also take five additional precepts: to refrain from eating at improper times, from viewing secular entertainments, from using garlands, perfumes, and other bodily adornments, from sleeping in high and wide beds, and from receiving money.
Their lives are further regulated by a large number of rules known as the Pratimoksa. The monastic order sangha is venerated as one of the three jewels, along with the dharma, or religious teaching, and the Buddha. Lay practices such as the worship of stupas burial mounds containing relics predate Buddhism and gave rise to later ritualistic and devotional practices.
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