The Monument of the Eponymous Heroes also served as a public announcement board of sorts. This is where state officials posted state sponsored events, i. The Altar of Zeus Agoraios 4th c. It was originally located in the Plyx moved to its current location in Roman times. The ruins of the civic offices. The Klepsydra water clock was used to time speeches. View of the aqueduct dated to the 4th c. The very faint remains of the Triangular Shrine , which was one of the numerous small shrines dedicated to worship in the Agora.
Two noteworthy ancient streets: The Road to Pireas left and the street of the marble workers right. The ruins of the state prison are outside the main Agora, southwest of the fountain house. Many have been tempted to speculate that this is the death row where Socrates was held, but no evidence exists to identify this particular building with the end of the philosopher's life. The Dekasterion court house was near the Klepsydra and the state prison. A splendid example of a capital of the Corinthian order.
Anyone who has ever carved a stone can appreciate the hundreds of hours of skilled labor that went into creating such piece of work. The Stoa of Atallos is the most striking building in the Agora. It was completely destroyed by the Heruli in CE, but it was rebuilt in the 20th century This reconstruction of the Agora appears throughout the archaeological site next to important ruins. Figure 2: Ground level of the reconstructed Stoa of Attalos. Our whole political system and most aspects of modern life are very familiar in the period around B.
The Agora was the center of those origins if you will. John McK. For the Agora Research Laboratory team, the archaeological site of Agora is a source of inspiration not only for its great historical value but mostly for its plurality of information that provides for multiple aspects of everyday life. The Agora , the marketplace and civic center, was one of the most important parts of an ancient city of Athens. In addition to being a place where people gathered to buy and sell all kinds of commodities, it was also a place where people assembled to discuss all kinds of topics: business, politics, current events, or the nature of the universe and the divine.
The Agora of Athens, where ancient Greek democracy first came to life, provides a wonderful opportunity to examine the commercial, political, religious, and cultural life of one of the great cities of the ancient world.
The earliest archaeological excavations in the Athenian Agora were conducted by the Greek Archaeological Society in the 19th century.
BCE when the the impressive Stoa of Attalos was dedicated, but eventually, as Athens declined in importance during the late Hellenistic Era so did the development of its Agora. The Romans under Sulla sacked the Agora in 86 BCE, but later contributed to its growth with impressive buildings programs that lasted until the end of the 2nd century CE. Marcus Agrippa funded the Odeion and probably the Temple of Ares. From the grounds of this temple and from the nearby Areopagos in 52 CE St.
Paul introduced Christianity to Athenians and strolled the Agora streets debating with Stoic and Epicurean philosophers. While St. Paul found the Agora a robust place of assembly, adorned by a myriad of statues of Greek and Roman deities and heroes, a series of subsequent invasions plagued it for the next years.
As a result of its destruction in CE by invading Heruls the Agora stopped functioning as a public place for a long time, especially after Alaric, King of the Visigoths plundered it in CE. A large Gymnasium was erected over the ruins in CE, only to be destroyed once again by raiding Slavs in the end of the 6th century CE. After that, it was deserted for about three hundred years and during this time, the area was buried under a thick layer of mud.
In the 7th century and until the beginning of 19th century, the Temple of Hephaestus was converted into a Christian church dedicated to Ag. Georgios St. The entire city of Athens had declined to the size of a small village by that time, so after the invasion and sacking of the Agora in by invaders from the Nafplion it was abandoned for another four hundred years.
After and for the duration of the Greek revolution, sporadic clashes with the occupying Ottomans in its grounds brought further damage to the existing buildings.
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