The competition or atipanakuy may last up to ten hours, and physical ability, quality of the instruments, and expertise of the accompanying musicians, are all evaluated to determine the winner. The dancers wear outfits embroidered with golden fringes, multicoloured sequins and small mirrors, but while in costume are forbidden from entering churches because of the tradition that their abilities are the result of a pact with the devil.
Regardless, the scissors dance has become a popular part of Catholic festivities. The physical and spiritual knowledge implicit in the dance is passed on orally from master to student, with each cuadrilla of dancers and musicians giving pride to its village of origin. Perhaps most striking are the dancers elaborate outfits, embellished with golden fringes, multicolored sequins, and small mirrors.
The dancers themselves craft the pound costumes and embroider their spirit names and various elements of nature into the fabric. Their large, intricately decorated headdresses shield the upper half of their face from observers, adding a quality of otherworldliness.
Even though the dancers start training as children, it takes years to master the physically demanding choreography. As a rite of passage, the young Quechuas—claiming to be the children of Wamanis , or mountain spirits—receive a name associated with one of the spirits so they can dance under their protection. This physical and spiritual knowledge is passed from master to student in each Quechua community to ensure the livelihood of the extraordinary dance generation after generation.
The origin of the dance is uncertain, however some believe it was created in reaction against colonialism and the repression of indigenous ideals. During the s, the dancers were persecuted by Christians because the dance was believed to be a manifestation of dark magic. The performers were considered supaypa guagua —sons of the devil—who refused to dispel their ancient practices and made a pact with the devil to get such abilities. Though the dance is now accepted and performed at Christian celebrations, dancers are forbidden to enter a church while in costume to this day.
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